Indian Economy

This is a tax aimed at foreign digital companies that earn money from India without having a physical office here. It was introduced in 2016 at a rate of 6% for online advertising services. It is often called the 'Google Tax'. It is separate from the Income Tax Act. Because it is not an income tax, companies cannot use it to reduce their tax burden in their home countries through Double Taxation Avoidance Agreements (DTAA).

This refers to a contract where an employee is hired for a specific period. Under the 2018 rules, these workers get the same hours, wages, and benefits as permanent workers. However, the employer does not need to give a notice of termination when the contract ends. This provides flexibility to industries that have seasonal work, such as textiles or construction, allowing them to adjust staff numbers easily.

The Labour Bureau, an attached office of the Ministry of Labour and Employment, is the main agency for this data. it collects stats on strikes, lockouts, and retrenchments. Retrenchment means the permanent termination of a worker's service for reasons other than punishment. This data is used to measure the 'industrial climate' of the country. If disputes are high, it indicates poor relations between management and labor.