Women and Child Development Schemes

MISSION VATSALYA -- Detailed Notes

Purpose: To secure a healthy & happy childhood for every child and enable them to discover their full potential Type: Centrally Sponsored Scheme Funding to states: With the approval of Mission Vatsalya Project Approval Board (PAB) under WCD Secretary

Quick Facts

Background: The mission incorporates erstwhile Child Protection Services (CPS) and also child welfare services. Emphasis on child rights, advocacy and awareness along with strengthening of the juvenile justice care and protection system. Motto to ‘leave no child behind’. Legislative mandates for the scheme Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act (JJ Act), Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO)Act, 2012 Institutional Services Child Care Institutions (CCIs): State Government is mandated to establish them in every district or group of districts for residential care of Children.

Swachhata Action Plan (SAP): To be developed by States/UTs for CCIs. Non Institutional Care Services for children Sponsorship: Financial support to vulnerable children living with extended families/biological relatives. Foster Care: Financial support to biologically unrelated Foster Parents for nurturing the child. Adoption: Facilitated by the Specialized Adoption Agencies (SAA) After Care: Financial support to children who are leaving a CCI on completion of 18 years of age. Support may be given up to 21 years extendable up to 23 years of age.

Salient Features Improve functioning of statutory bodles Strengthen service delivery services Upscale Institutional care / services Encourage non-in- stitutional commu- nity-based care Training & capacity building of dutyholders Key components Types of CCIIs for children in coflict whith Law (CCL): For Children in Conflict with Law (CCL): Observation Homes, Special Home, Place of Safety For Children in Need of Care and Protection (CNCP): Children’s Homes, Open Shelters, Specialized Adoption Agencies (SAA), Cradle Baby Vatsalya Sadan: CCIs, Juvenile Justice Board, and Child Welfare Committee within single premises for implementation of the JJ Act, Ensuring Children’s right to Survival, Development, Protection and Participation.

Encourage private sector partnerships and interventions to support children Raise public awareness and engage community at all levels and local bodies as stakeholder in ensuring the best interest of children. Build capacities of duty holders & service providers at all levels. Objective

Funding Pattern: 60: 40 between Centre and State & UTs with legislatures. 90:10 between Centre and State for the North-Eastern States and two Himalayan States (UK and HP) and UT of Jammu and Kashmir. 100% by Centre in case of Union Territories without Legislature. Children under PM CARES For non-institutional care , financial support at the rate of Rs. 4000/- per month per child (in account with guardian). For child in institutional care, a maintenance grant @ Rs. 3000/- per month to Child Care Institutions.

Any provision for subsistence support under the State scheme may also be provided additionally to the children. Institutional framework for implementation State Child Protection Society (SCPS): It shall ensure the implementation including mapping, planning of the scheme. State Child Welfare and Protection Committee: To supervise implementation of the Mission with the help of the SCPS. District Child Welfare and Protection Committee: The District Magistrate shall chair this Committee in every District for the effective implementation of Mission.

State Adoption Resource Agency (SARA): It shall be established in every State/UT to support the Central Adoption Resource Authority (CARA) in promoting in-country adoption and regulating inter- country adoption, District Child Protection Unit (DCPU): It will function under the overall supervision of District Magistrate in ensuring service delivery and care and protection of children in the district. Child Welfare Committee (CWC): It shall be setup in district as the authority to dispose of cases for the care, protection, treatment, development and rehabilitation of children in need of care & protection and to provide for their basic needs and protection of human rights.

Juvenile Justice Board (JJB): Financial support to the States/UTs for facilitating setting up of JJB in every district and to ensure their effective functioning. Special Juvenile Police Units: In every district and city to coordinate and upgrade the police interface with children. The police officers, designated as Child Welfare Officers in the district or city, and social workers are members of the SJPU. Child Welfare and Protection Committee: The function of child welfare and protection issues may be assigned to the existing committee of the urban local body/Panchayati Raj Institution/Gram Panchayat which deals with issues of social justice/welfare of women and children.

Mission Vatsalya Portal A unified Digital Platform for various MIS related to children in difficult circumstances. It will integrate - TrackChild (for Missing/Found Children) - CARINGS (for the adoption of Children) - ICPS portal (for monitoring the scheme) Khoya-Paya (Citizen centric application for Missing and Sighted) Child Helpline: Mission Vatsalya, in partnership with states and districts, will execute a 24×7 helpline service for children, as defined under JJ Act, 2015. Obligations for states: In order to access Central funds and benefits under the scheme states will have to retain the official name, as given by the Centre.

MISSION SHAKTI: AN INTEGRATED WOMEN EMPOWERMENT PROGRAMME -- Detailed Notes

Sambal: For safety and security of women One Stop Centre (OSC): To provide integrated support and assistance to women, affected by violence and in distress, both in private and public spaces, under one roof. Women Helpline (WHL): Toll-free 24-hours telecom service to women seeking support and information for all emergency services like police/ fire/ Ambulance services and with OSC. Funding: Through Nirbhaya Funds along with 100% central assistance. Nari Adalats: - Alternate Grievance Redressal Mechanism for resolving cases of petty nature (harassment, subversion, etc.) faced by women at Gram Panachayat level.

• ‘Nari Adalats or women collectives’ will be formed of committed and socially respected women. - No remuneration to the selected members shall be provided. - Expenses for organising the meetings and for providing the badge/ uniform to the members will be funded by the ministry. » The Nari Adalats does not hold any legal status. It provides assistance to all girls and women for their grievances within their local community. Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (BBBP) - Covers all the districts of the country through multi-sectoral interventions (it was operational in only in 405 districts earlier).

• Aims for zero-budget advertising. - Greater spend on activities that have on ground impact, e.g., for promoting sports among girls, self-defence camps, etc. Samarthya: For Empowerment of Women Shakti Sadan - Integrated Relief and Rehabilitation Home that incorporates the erstwhile SwadharGreh and Ujjawala Scheme. - It will be a home for destitute, distressed, marginalized, victims of trafficking, etc. The residents of Shakti sadan will be provided with food, clothing, shelter, and all other facilities for their basic needs.

Anti-Human Trafficking Units: To facilitate ‘reintegration and repatriation’ of the victims of trafficking and of commercial sexual exploitation set up in the districts. Home for Widows: - A Central Sector Component. - To accommodate 1000 widows to provide them a safe and secure place of stay. - Facilities of health services, nutritious food, legal and counseling services. SakhiNiwas– Working Women Hostel: To promote availability of safe and conveniently located accommodation for working women and other women pursuing higher education or training, who need to live away from their families due to professional commitments.

Other Key Support under Shakti Sadan

Day care facilities Early Stimulation for children below years Pre-school Education for 3 to 6 years old children Supplemen- tary Nutrition (to be locally sourced) Growth Monitoring and Health Check-up Immunization Intergrated package (in covergence with Mission Poshan 2.0) Hub for Empowerment of Women (HEW): - HEW is being set up at National, State and District levels. - It aims to facilitate inter-sectoral convergence of schemes and programs meant for women at the central, State/ UT level and district level.

Gender Budgeting: Gender Budgeting, Research, Publication & Monitoring schemes have been included under this component. - A new component of Gap Funding for Economic Empowerment has also been added. - Sub-schemes of Mahila Shakti Kendra (MSK) and Mahila Police Volunteer (MPV) have been discontinued. Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY): Provides cash incentive for partial compensation for the wage loss to pregnant and lactating mothers. Other key provisions Convergence: Convergence strategy efficiently and effectively through schemes and efforts to realize desired outcomes.

Approval of proposals: A Programme Approval Board (PAB) shall be constituted by the MoWCD to approve financial proposal of the States/UTs. Geo-tagging: All institutions supported by the Ministry would be geo tagged in order to map, analyse and monitor on a real time basis. Social Audit: Direct feedback will also be obtained from those who have availed the services under the scheme through appropriate evidence gathering methods. Mandatory conditions to be fulfilled by State governments - Full compliance with the official name of all Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSSs) [correct translation to local language is permissible] and any guidelines/instructions issued by the Centre regarding branding of CSSs, in all schemes of the Ministry.

• Full compliance of Department of Expenditure instructions regarding the new procedure for release of funds under the CSSs or any other instruction on the subject, issued from time to time. NOTE: Gender Budgeting was adopted by the Government of India in 2005-06 as a tool for promoting gender equality and ensuring continued investments through Government planning and budgeting.

o Financing for gender equality is central to mitigate gender inequalities, and Gender Budgeting is a critical strategy in this endeavour. For More detail on PMMVY Refer to National Food Security Act (NFSA), 2013 under the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution.

BETI BACHAO BETI PADHAO (BBBP) -- Detailed Notes

Purpose: Creating behavioural and social change in the way the girl child is perceived across the country Financing: 100% funding will be provided by the Central Government for the district level component. Cash benefits: No provision for Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) or creation of capital assets Coverage: All the districts of the country Quick Facts Improvement in the Sex Ratio at Birth (SRB) by 2 points every year Improvement in the percentage of institutional deliveries or sustained at the rate of 95% or above 1% increase in 1st Trimester Anti-Natal Care (ANC) Registration per year 1% increase in enrolment at secondary education level and skilling of girls/ women per year To check dropout rate among girls at secondary and higher secondary levels Raising awareness about safe Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM) Objective Background: BBBP Scheme was launched in 2015 to address the issue of decline in Child Sex Ratio (CSR) along with related issues in a life cycle continuum.

Prime focus: The scheme is primarily focused on creating behavioural and social change in the way the girl child is perceived across the country by informing, influencing, motivating, engaging and empowering all stakeholders Preventing Child marriage: Tracking child marriages and taking strict actions to stop them. Capacity building: Sensitisation of frontline workers, medical practitioners, officers in the District, Zila Parishad, District Legal Services Authority (DLSA), etc. Salient Features

Social and Behaviour Change Communication (SBCC): Key activities for behavioural changes Celebrating National Girl Child Day on 24th January every year - Since 2008, January 24 is celebrated as National Girl Child Day for promoting equal opportunities for girl child while raising awareness of the injustices that girls face. - On January 24 1966 Smt. Indira Gandhi took her oath as the first woman Prime Minister of India. - Now it also commemorates anniversary of Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao (BBBP) Scheme which was launched on January 22, 2015.

Display of Guddi-Gudda Boards in Gram Panchayats (GPs) and public places to exhibit the number of girls born vis-a-vis the number of boys. Awareness activities with parents/families to better understand the value of girls and their needs. Activity Calendar Provides several activities within each month for the districts. However, the districts can choose to conduct their own activities based on their local context and needs. District level score card It would be made based on the data extracted from the Mission Shakti MIS.

Annual District BBBP Ranking will be issued as per the District Score Card. This data would be used to capture state performance. Implementation: A committee headed by the Secretary, MoWCD , made under the Mission Shakti mandate, will be the Apex Committee to review implementation. Key Ministries involved include: Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs Ministry of Education Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship Ministry of Minority Affairs Ministry of Panchayati Raj Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Rural Development

SAKSHAM ANGANWADI AND POSHAN 2.0 (MISSION POSHAN 2.0) -- Detailed Notes

Purpose: Address the challenges of malnutrition through a strategic shift in nutrition content and delivery Type: Centrally Sponsored Scheme Beneficiaries: Children (up to the age of 6 years), adolescent girls, pregnant women, and lactating mothers

Quick Facts To contribute to human capital development of the country and address challenges of malnutrition To promote nutrition awareness and good eating habits for sustainable health and wellbeing Objective Background: In 1975, the flagship programmes the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme was launched for early childhood care and development. ICDS incorporated 6 components of the Anganwadi Services Scheme (refer to the infographics). Components Nutrition Support: Supplementary Nutrition Programme (SNP) for:

• Children (6 months to 6 years) - Pregnant women and lactating mothers (PWLM); and - Adolescent Girls (14 to 18 years) in Aspirational Districts and North Eastern Region (NER) Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE): ECCE for 3-6 yearsand early stimulation for (0-3 years). Anganwadi Infrastructure: 2 lakh AWCs shall be strengthened, upgraded as Shaksham Anganwadi across the country. Salient Features Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme Serving Children of 0-6 years and Pregnant & Lactating Mothers Supplementary Nutrition Pre-School Education Health & Nutrition Education Referral Services Health Check-ups Under National Health Mission (NHM) Immunization

Poshan Abhiyaan: Poshan 2.0 stands on pillars of Convergence, Governance, and Capacity building, with Poshan Abhiyan driving Outreach and innovations. - Poshan 2.0 shall focus on Maternal Nutrition, Infant and Young Child Feeding Norms, Treatment Protocols for severe acute malnutrition (SAM) / moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) and Wellness through AYUSH practices to reduce wasting and under-weight prevalence besides stunting and anemia Funding Pattern: Ratio of 60:40 between Centre and States for States/UTs with legislature.

Ratio of 90:10 between Centre and States for Northeastern and Himalayan states (including J&K). 100% by the Centre for UTs without legislatures. Diet diversity: Local dietary inputs and fresh produce (green vegetables, fruits, medicinal plants and herbs), fortified rice and millets shall be actively encouraged. Millets should be mandatorily supplied at least once a week and suitably integrated in Take Home Ration (not raw ration) and Hot Cooked Meals (HCM) in a palatable form. Poshan Vatikas: POSHAN Vatikas (kitchen gardens and nutri-gardens) shall be set up at or near Anganwadi Centres , wherever possible and in Government led schools and Gram Panchayat lands.

Leveraging of traditional knowledge: POSHAN Vatikas (kitchen gardens and nutri-gardens) shall be set up at or near Anganwadi Centres , wherever possible and in Government led schools and Gram Panchayat lands. Registration of beneficiary: Beneficiary has to be registered at the nearest AWCs with Aadhaar identification. A child’s Aadhaar card shall not be mandatory and benefits can be accessed using the mother’s Aadhaar card. Implementation: District Magistrate (DM) shall be the Nodal Point in the district for monitoring nutritional status and quality standards.

Accountability: Social Audit shall be undertaken by stakeholders, such as the Poshan Panchayats, Mothers’ Groups and VHSNCs. Key initiatives under the scheme Poshan Tracker App: It is a job-aid to the Anganwadi worker for efficient delivery of services along with reflection of their efforts. It enables dynamic identification of stunting, wasting, under-weight prevalence among children and last mile tracking of nutrition service delivery. POSHAN (Prime Minister’s Overarching Scheme for Holistic Nutrition) Abhiyaan Launched in 2018 to converge the activities of various stakeholder towards attaining the goal of ‘Suposhit Bharat’.

To reduce stunting across districts with the highest malnutrition burden by improving utilization and quality of key anganwadi services. Abhiyaan explicity recoganizes the need for convergence and coordination such that the benefits of multiple government schemes and programs reach women and children in the first 1000 days of a child’s life. Genesis Objective Convergence and coordination

Poshan Bhi, Padhai Bhi (PBPB): It is a path breaking ECCE program to help India develop one of the world’s largest, universal, high- quality pre-school network at AWCs in alignment with the new NEP 2020. It aims to - Promote holistic and quality early childhood promotion and early -primary education, - Ensure the use of developmentally appropriate pedagogy - Promote health and nutrition- related issues in primary education as well as in early childhood It will provide various types of teaching-learning materials (visual aids, audio aids, etc.) to Anganwadi workers for and teaching in mother tongue as the medium of instruction for primary education and the country Rashtriya Poshan Maah: Every year, Rashtriya Poshan Maah is celebrated in the month of September across the country to realise the vision of ‘Swasth Bharat’.

It acts as a platform for awareness about nutrition at the ground level. Kishori Health Cards Kishori Health Cards for Adolescent Girls are maintained at the AWC under the Scheme for Adolescent Girls (SAG). It records the information about the weight, height, Body Mass Index (BMI) along. It also provides information of services under the scheme i.e. nutrition provision, Iron and Folic Acid (IFA) supplementation, deworming, referral services and immunization etc. Bhartiya Poshan Krishi Kosh (B.P.K.K.) It is a web portal having information of India’s crop diversity across all districts – for both current and historical crops.

It acts as a Food Atlas and aims to provide data informed agro ecological contexts required to produce traditional and locally available nutrition-rich crops. It is supported by Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF). NOTE: Please do not confuse PM POSHAN Abhiyan with Pradhan Mantri Poshan Shakti Nirman (PM POSHAN). For more details on PM POSHAN Refer NFSA, 2013 which is covered under Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution.