Housing and Urban Affairs Schemes

CITY INVESTMENTS TO INNOVATE, INTEGRATE AND SUSTAIN 2.0 (CITIIS 2.0) -- Detailed Notes

Salient Features

• Equitable distribution of projects across geographical regions - Upto 18 projects to be selected through a challenge process Component 2: State-Level Action - Interventions to be made for furthering climate action in States - All States and UTs in India will be eligible for support on a demand basis - State climate centres , climate cells or equivalent bodies will be set up or strengthened - State- and city-level Climate Data Observatories will be created - Climate action plans will be developed and data-driven planning facilitated - Capacities of municipal functionaries will be built Component 3: National-Level Action - Interventions for furthering climate governance in urban India - Supporting scale-up through institutional strengthening, knowledge dissemination, partnerships, research and development, etc.

• Capacity building and learning for all cities in India Interventions Under Component Technical Assistance (TA) Knowledge Capitalisation Communications & Outreach CITIIS Management Platform (CMP) Monitoring & Evaluation (M&E) Purpose: To develop 100 smart cities and make them citizen friendly Type: Centrally Sponsored Scheme Smart cities: There is no standard definition of a smart city. Implementing Agency: Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) Quick Facts

DEEN DAYAL ANTYODAYA YOJANA- URBAN (NATIONAL URBAN LIVELIHOODS MISSION): DAY-NULM -- Detailed Notes

Salient Features

Purpose: To facilitate collateral-free working capital loans to street vendors to restart their businesses. Type: Central Sector Scheme Beneficiary: Street vendors/ hawkers vending in urban areas and surrounding peri-urban and rural areas. Implementing Agency: Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI). Quick Facts Facilitate collateral free working capital loan upto ₹10,000, of 1 year tenure, with enhanced loan of ₹20,000 and ₹50,000 in the second and third tranches respectively, on repayments of earlier loans.

To incentivize regular repayment and to reward digital transactions Objective Background: A micro-credit scheme for urban street vendors, launched in 2020, to facilitate street vendors in resuming their livelihood activities, which were adversely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Beneficiaries’ identification: State/ULBs are responsible for identifying eligible street vendors and mobilising new applications under the scheme. Criteria for Identification of eligible vendors: Salient Features Catalysing sustainable approaches to urban livelihoods through Public, Private, Community Partnership (P-P-C-P).

Demonstrating a promising methodology or making a distinct impact on the urban poverty situation through scalable initiatives. Monitoring and Evaluation: State Mission Management Unit (SMMU) oversees state-level progress, while City Mission Management Unit (CMMU) monitors progress at the ULB level. Key Initiatives UNDP- DAY-NULM partnership: For empowering women for informed entrepreneurship choices. This 3-year project is extendable beyond 2025 and initially spans eight cities. National Initiative for Promotion of Upskilling of Nirman workers (NIPUN): To be implemented by the National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC).

PaiSA portal: It is a centralised electronic platform for processing interest subvention on bank loans to beneficiaries under DAY-NULM.

ATAL MISSION FOR REJUVENATION AND URBAN TRANSFORMATION – AMRUT 2 -- Detailed Notes

Background AMRUT was launched in 2015 to provide universal coverage of water supply in 500 selected AMRUT cities and ensure substantial improvement in sewerage coverage. Salient Features

AMRUT Mission has been subsumed under AMRUT 2.0. AMRUT2.0 would also help meeting targets under Jal Jeevan Mission-Urban (JJM-U). Thrust areas under AMRUT: Thrust areas under AMRUT Sewerage and Septic Management Storm water drain Green spaces and parks Non-motorized urban transport Capacity Building Water Supply Circular economy of water: Circular economy principles offer an opportunity to recognize and capture the full value of water (as a service, an input to processes, a source of energy and a carrier of nutrients and other materials).

To achieve this, ULBs will submit detailed City Water Balance Plans (CWBPs) and City Water Action Plans (CWAPs) through online portal. - The CWBP will comprise details of water sources including water bodies, water treatment and distribution infrastructure, etc. area-wise water coverage, status of NRW and sewerage network including STPs, etc. - CWAPs will comprise the list of projects proposed by the ULB in the priority sectors of water supply; sewerage/ septage management; rejuvenation of water bodies including green spaces & parks.

Promoting start-up and private Technology Sub-Mission will encourage start-up ideas and private entrepreneurship, and commissioning them into the pilot projects Public Private Partnership (PPP) projects are mandatory in million plus cities. At least a minimum of 10% of total fund allocation at the city level shall be committed to PPP projects. Capacity building program: For all the stakeholders including contractors, plumbers, plant operators, students, women and citizens. Jan Aandolan Mission (Community participation) Mission will co-opt women and youth for concurrent feedbacks about its progress.

Women SHGs will be involved in water demand management, water quality testing and water infrastructure operations.

Deliver resilient and inclusive services Maximize use of existing infrastructure Optimize operations Diversify supply sources Recharge & manager aquifers Restore degraded land and watersheds Incorporate nature-based solutions Recover resources Plan and invest for climate and nonclimate uncertainties Be energy efficient and use renewable energy Design out waste & pollution Preserve and regenerate natural systems SUPPLY CITY INDUSTRY

RESTORE REUSE RECOVER

Reducing non-revenue water to below 20% Rejuvenation of water bodies Financial sustainability through municipal finance reforms Improving land use efficiency through adequate urban planning Potability Index Jal Jeevan Mission (Urban) "Water secure cities through circular economy of water" Universal water supply to all Urban Households in 4,372 towns/cities 100% sewerage and septage treatment in 500 AMRUT cities Rejuvenation of water bodies Development of permeable green spaces and parks Recycle of treated used water to meet-20% of city demand and-40% of industrial state demand Components Reform Agenda Water Secure cities National Common Mobility Card (NCMC) NCMC dubbed as ‘One Nation, One Card’ for transport mobility.

It is an automatic fare collection system. It can turn smartphones into an interoperable transport card that commuters can use eventually to pay for different transport systems across the country (Metro, bus and suburban railways services). Project-SMART Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs and Ministry of Railways jointly signed an MoU with Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) for ‘Station Area Development along Mumbai-Ahmedabad High Speed Rail’ (Project-SMART). Project-SMART envisages developing surrounding areas of Mumbai - Ahmedabad High Speed Railway (MAHSR) Stations to enhance accessibility and convenience of commuters & other stakeholders and to promote economic activities.

It would enhance institutional capacity of State Governments, Municipal Corporations and Urban Development Authorities.

SMART CITIES MISSION -- Detailed Notes

To promote cities and provide core infrastructure, clean and sustainable environment through the application of ‘smart solutions’. Objective

To drive economic growth and improve quality of life through comprehensive work on social, economic, physical and institutional pillars of the city. To create replicable models which act as lighthouses to other aspiring cities. Six Fundamental Principles of Smart Cities Community at the core Communities at the core of planning and implementa- tion Ability to generate greater outcomes with the use of lesser resource Cities selected through competition and flexibility to Implement projects Innovating methods, integrated and sustainable solutions Careful selec- tion of technol- ogy, relevant to the context of cities Sectorial and Financial Convergence More from Less Cooperative & Competitive Federalism Integration, Innovation, Sustainability Technology as means, not the goal Convergence Selection of Cities: They are selected on the basis of equitable criteria that give equal weightage to urban population and the number of statutory towns in the State/UT.

Smart Cities Project: Smart City proposal of each shortlisted city is expected to encapsulate either a retrofitting or redevelopment or greenfield development model, or a mix thereof and a Pan-city feature with Smart Solution. Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) Status: Incorporated as a limited company under the Companies Act, 2013 at the city-level. - State/UT and the ULB are the promoters having 50:50 equity shareholding Functions: Plan, appraise, approve, release funds, implement, manage, operate, monitor and evaluate the Smart City development project.

Funding: The Union Government gave financial support to the extent of Rs. 48,000 crores over 5 years (FY15- FY20) i.e., on an average Rs.100 crore per city per year. - An equal amount on a matching basis is to be provided by the State/ULB. Additional resources are to be raised through convergence , from ULBs’ own funds, grants under Finance Commission, innovative finance mechanisms such as Municipal Bonds, etc. Public Private Partnerships (PPP): PPP is emphasized to leverage private sector. Integrated Control and Command Centres (ICCC): It is operationalized in all the 100 Smart Cities.

Provides several online services to citizens in areas of traffic management, health, water etc. Helps in crime prevention, better surveillance and reduction in crime against women. Salient Features

Purpose: To reduce poverty and vulnerability of urban poor households on a sustainable basis. Type: Centrally Sponsored Scheme Beneficiaries: Individuals/ groups/ Self Help Groups (SHGs) of urban poor Area covered: All District Headquarter Towns and all other cities with a population of 1,00,000 or more (2011 census). Quick Facts Enabling urban poor to access gainful self-employment and skilled wage employment opportunities through building strong grassroots level institutions of the poor. Providing shelter equipped with essential services to the urban homeless in a phased manner.

Objective Social Mobilisation: At least one member from each urban poor household, preferably a woman , should be brought under the Self-Help Group (SHG) network in a time-bound manner. SHG membership: At least 70% of the members should be urban poor to qualify for funding support. SHGs may consist of 10-20 members. In tribal-dominated hilly areas , groups of fewer than 10 members may be formed. SHGs of at least 5 members can be created for differently-abled individuals. Financial Support: Provides to group led as well as individual enterprises.

SHG - Bank Linkage: Interest Subsidy above 7% rate of interest is applicable to all SHGs accessing bank loan. Additional 3% interest subvention to all women SHGs who repay their loan in time in all the cities. Support to Urban Street Vendors: This includes skilling, micro-enterprise development , credit enablement, pro-vending urban planning, social security options for vulnerable (women, SCs/STs, etc.) Permanent all-weather 24 x 7 shelters for the urban homeless is also provides Promoting innovative and Special Projects: It is centrally administered and no state share provision is needed. It is aimed at:

Financial support under self-employment programme component Should have minimum 2 members (at least 70% from urban poor) Eligible for maximum loan of Rs. 2 lakh per member or Rs. 10 Lakh whichever is less Project cost ceiling is Rs. 2 lakh Group led micro- enterprises Individual led micro- enterprises

SWACHH BHARAT MISSION (SBM 2.0) -- Detailed Notes

Defecation Free or ODF (i.e., not a single person is found defecating in the open). Condition for funding: It is contingent upon ULBs attaining a minimum 1-star certification. Salient Features

Promoting entrepreneurship: Adoption of locally innovated, cost-effective solutions and business models in sanitation and solid waste management by small scale and private entrepreneurs. Digital Enablement: Strengthening e-Learning platforms, Skill Development in Sanitation and waste management and ICT-Enabled Governance. Urban-Rural convergence: Develop infrastructure clusters to efficiently serve neighbouring urban and rural areas with shared waste processing facilities. Challenge Fund: Cities with a population of 10 lakh and above are provided ₹13,029 crore Challenge Fund over 5 years to meet service level benchmarks.

Key Initiatives Swachh Survekshan: An annual survey assessing cleanliness in Indian cities and towns—the world’s largest of its kind. The Quality Council of India (QCI) is implementation partner. ‘Meri Life, Mera Swachh Shahar’ Campaign to spread awareness regarding Mission LiFE and to nudge behaviour change of citizens to minimize waste generation, etc. National Behaviour Change Communication Framework for GFC: To strengthen the ongoing Jan Andolan for GFC. Complete faecal sludge management & water waste treatment Minimise use of single-use plastic Reduce air pollution by effective management of waste from construction & demolition sites Bio-remediation of all legacy dumpsites Source segregation of garbage Aims to focus on:

Urban Swachh Bharat Mission 2.0 Garbage Free Cities (GFC): All statutory towns are certified at least 3-star GFC, or higher ODF++: All statutory towns with less than 1 lakh population become at least ODF++ (toilets with sludge and septage management) Water+: At least 50% of all statutory towns with less than 1 lakh population become Water+ (i.e., ensure that no untreated waste (used) water is discharged into the open environment or water bodies) ODF+: All statutory towns become at least ODF+ (i.e., toilets with water, maintenance and hygiene) Outcomes Envisaged Copyright © by Vision IAS All rights are reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of Vision IAS.

Purpose: Houses to all eligible families/ beneficiaries by 2024 Type: Centrally Sponsored Scheme except for CLSS vertical (Central Sector) Family: Comprises husband, wife, and unmarried children Exclusion: Beneficiary family should not own a pucca house in any part of India Quick Facts Provide central assistance to implementing agencies for providing all-weather pucca houses to all eligible families/ beneficiaries. Objective Tenure: The Mission has now been extended up to 31 December, 2024 with all verticals except Credit Linked Subsidy Scheme (CLSS) vertical to complete houses sanctioned up to 31 March 2022.

Objective: Provide central assistance to implementing agencies for providing all-weather pucca houses to all eligible families/ beneficiaries. Beneficiaries: Economically Weaker Section (EWS): Annual household income up to Rs. 3 Lakh. Eligible for all four verticals Low Income Group (LIG): Annual household income from 3-6 Lakh. Eligible only under CLSS Middle Income Group (MIG): Annual household income from Rs. 6-18 Lakh. Eligible only under CLSS. Identification of beneficiary: Use Aadhaar/ Aadhaar Virtual ID to avoid duplication.

Quality of Houses: Basic amenities in houses: Availability of civic infrastructure like water, sanitation, sewerage, road, electricity etc. Safety: Houses should meet the requirement of structural safety against earthquakes, floods, cyclones, etc. - Houses should conform to the standards of the National Building Code (NBC) and other relevant Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) codes. Funding Mechanism: Mission involves public expenditure (40%) and private investment including beneficiary contribution (60%).

Monitoring and evaluation: Third Party Quality Monitoring (TPQM) as well as Social Audit. Grievance redressal: Centralised Public Grievance Redressal and Monitoring System (CPGRAMS) can be used to lodge grievances. Impact on other Rural schemes: Beneficiaries in the permanent wait list of PMAY (G) will have the flexibility for opting for a house under PMAY(G) or PMAY(U). Salient Features

PRADHAN MANTRI AWAS YOJANA-URBAN (PMAY-U) -- Detailed Notes

The benefits of all existing and future rural schemes will not be denied to a beneficiary. Key Initiatives Global Housing Technology Challenge - India (GHTC-India) To mainstream innovative construction technologies for sustainable, eco-friendly and disaster-resilient housing. Six Light House Projects for Agartala, Chennai, Indore, Lucknow Rajkot & Ranchi (one for each) are finalised under it. LHP is a model housing project with approximately 1,000 houses built with shortlisted alternate technology suitable to the geo-climatic and hazard conditions of the region.

CLSS Awas Portal (CLAP): Facilitates processing of applications and tracking of subsidy status by beneficiaries. CLSS tracker has also been incorporated in PMAY (U) mobile App and UMANG platform. Other features of PMAY-U Women empowerment: Only in cases when there is no adult female member in the family, the house can be in the name of male member Infrastructure status: Granted to the affordable housing sector CLSS component implemented by: National Housing Bank (NHB) & Housing Urban Development Corporation (HUDCO) Type: Centrally Sponsored Scheme Purpose: Making cities “water secure” and providing functional water tap connections to all households Funding: Outcome based funding to cities who will submit roadmap for outcomes to be achieved by them Tenure: Till 2025-26 Quick Facts Create water secure cities , providing universal coverage of water in all statutory towns and 100% coverage of sewerage/ septage management in 500 AMRUT cities.

PM STREET VENDOR’S ATMA NIRBHAR NIDHI (PM SVANIDHI) SCHEME -- Detailed Notes

Street vendors with a Certificate of Vending/ Identity Card issued by ULBs. Vendors identified in surveys but do not have a Certificate of Vending/Identity Card. Vendors omitted from ULB-led surveys or those who started vending after the survey, with a Letter of Recommendation (LoR) from ULB/Town Vending Committee (TVC). Vendors from surrounding development/peri- urban/rural areas vending within ULB limits , with an LoR from ULB/TVC. Eligibility for state/UTs: States/UTs must have notified Rules under the Street Vendors (Protection of Livelihood and Regulation of Street Vending) Act, 2014.

Timeline: Extended till December 2024. Credit Guarantee: Provision for Graded Guarantee Cover for the loans sanctioned. It is administered by Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE). Empowering Street Vendors with PM SVANidhi Scheme Loan tenure of 1 year on working capital Monthly cash-back incentive up to ₹100 on digital transactions Higher loan eligibility on timely/early repayment of the first loan Covers urban local bodies across the country Interest Subsidy at 7% p.a. on timely repayment, paid quarterly Purpose: Creating ‘Garbage Free Cities (GFCs) Type: Centrally Sponsored Scheme Coverage: All the statutory towns Tenure: Till 2026 Quick Facts Ensuring cleanliness and hygiene in public places, reducing air pollution, holistic Sanitation, treatment of used water before discharge, Capacity building, awareness and Jan Andolan.